Working Of Zenmap ( Network Scanning Tool )

Zenmap is the official graphical user interface (GUI) for the Nmap Security Scanner. It is a multi-platform, free and open-source application designed to make Nmap easy for beginners to use while providing advanced features for experienced Nmap users. Frequently used scans can be saved as profiles to make them easy to run repeatedly. A command creator allows interactive creation of Nmap command lines. Scan results can be saved and viewed later. Saved scans can be compared with one another to see how they differ. The results of recent scans are stored in a searchable database.

CHOSEN SETUP
As Zenmap runs on a windows/Linux so i chose the following setup :
 Windows  OS – Windows 7 installed on a system
 Version- Zenmap 6 (http://nmap.org/dist/nmap-6.00-setup.exe)
 Scanning
Begin Zenmap by typing zenmap in a terminal or by clicking the Zenmap icon in the desktop environment.
Firstly, select the Target. Target could be any domain name or the IP Address, so right now my target is  10.0.0.2.




Profile
Profile combo box. Profiles exist for several common scans. After selecting a profile the Nmap command line associated with it is displayed on the screen. Of course, it is possible to edit these profiles or create new ones.
It is also possible to type in an Nmap command and have it executed without using a profile. Just type in the command and press return or click “Scan”.
 In Zenmap there are 10 Types of Profile :
a.  INTENSE SCAN
Command = nmap -T4 -A 10.0.0.2
Description  = An intense, comprehensive scan. The -A option enables OS detection (-O), version detection (-sV), script scanning (-sC), and traceroute (–traceroute). Without root privileges only version detection and script scanning are run. This is considered an intrusive scan.

SCAN RESULT TABS
Each scan window contains five tabs which each display different aspects of the scan results. They are:
a) Nmap Output
b) Ports / Hosts
c) Topology
d) Host Details
Each of these are discussed in this section:
NMAP OUTPUT
The “Nmap Output” tab is displayed by default when a scan is run. It shows the familiar Nmap terminal output.
PORT/HOSTS
When a service is selected, the “Ports / Hosts” tab shows all the hosts which have that port open or filtered. This is a good way to quickly answer the question “What computers are running HTTP?”

TOPOLOGY

The “Topology” tab is an interactive view of the connections between hosts in a network.



HOST DETAILS

The “Host Details” tab breaks all the information about a single host into a hierarchical display. Shown are the host’s names and addresses, its state (up or down), and the number and status of scanned ports. The host’s uptime, operating system, OS icon. When no exact OS match is found, the closest matches are displayed.

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Access Banned Torrent and Video Sites in India

Some of the ISPs like Airtel,Reliance started blocking torrent website (ThePirateBay,Torrentz etc) as well as some legal video sharing websites (Vimeo, Dailymotion) . Nowadays,when someone tries to access these websites they got receive an annoying message:


"Access to there sites has been blocked as per Court Orders."

Currently, two of the Indian ISPs – namely Reliance and Airtel – have blocked specific websites. The reason for blocking is yet unclear but the citing of a Court order in the display message gives us a clue. The US Government has already blocked websites in the past on grounds of copyright infringement and it is certain that other countries have also started to follow suit. Torrents have regularly provided users access to copyrighted content worldwide; particularly new movie releases which could be downloaded through torrents.
However, websites like Vimeo and DailyMotion are legal video sharing websites like Youtube and the reason is still unclear as to why these websites have been blocked as per “Court Orders”. In the coming days, we might also start seeing other service providers blocking number of websites on Governmental issues.


There is, however, a way users can still access these blocked websites legally without using a proxy. The trick lies in the protocol used for accessing the website. The sites being blocked in India are generally done so by using filters through the network that prevent the sites from opening. More often, these filters generally work on normal channels and don’t block secured websites.


You can access the Secured Version of the blocked websites using “https” instead of “http” in the address bar. When you open the blocked site with “https”, the website opens without any errors and you get a fully functional website.


Website with https

Most people try to access these websites via Proxy; but using a proxy has its own disadvantages. The proxy network that a person is using maybe insecure. Moreover, proxys slow down network access speeds considerably. This is because all requests are channeled through the proxy server which handles a large number of clients, which causes slow response times.

Using https does not need a proxy and sites can be opened directly and response times are also quick as it is not channeled through any public server.

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Track Your And Other's Website IP

IP understands for Internet Protocol. It is unique physical address assign to every user who are using internet services. In Ip,data travels through internet by using packet which contains both Header(that specifies source,destination and other information about Data) and the message data itself.

Most network uses the Internet Protocol Version 4(IPv4) that features IP addresses 4 bytes(32bits) in length. The newer version i.e. Internet Protocol Version 6(IPv6) that features Ip Addresses 16 bytes(128bits) in length.

So now,here I'm going to tell you about how to find Your IP address.

Find Your IP Address :

It is very easy to dind IP address by following these two ways :

1. By using some website featuring IP address Finder. One of them are:

Most famous website : What Is My IP .

2. By Using Command Prompt :

Here i'm expailing it this method by pic :


First press WIN+R.
Type "CMD" .
Press Enter.

Click to Enlarge Image

After that a CMD will be open.

Write ipconfig then press enter.

Then an output will be look like this :

Click to Enlarge Image

Hope you have clearly Understand that how to track your IP address. In next post i'll tell you how to track IP address of others site.

Find Other's Website IP Address :

Suppose you want ot find IP address of any site for instance Gmail . When you open that site it shows you web address like www.gmail.com .

So,now to get IP of any website just follow these steps :

Go to Run by pressing WIN+R . Write CMD and press Enter .

Click To Enlarge Image

Now type ping in CMD

now add website name in front of CMD like this ping www.websitename.com .

Now you'll get the IP address of that site. Ex:- i'm taking www.facebook.com as websitename .

Click To Enlarge Image

The digit marked in Red color is the IP address of www.facebook.com .

for any other help related to IP tracking then you can comment below.

OR 

You can use website providing IP information like http://whatismyipaddress.com .

You'll get information of any IP.

Your IP is pre-defined there.

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Keyboard Shortcuts

Getting used to using your keyboard exclusively and leaving your mouse behind will make you much more efficient at performing any task on any Windows system. I use the following keyboard shortcuts every day:

Windows key + R = Run menu

This is usually followed by:

cmd = Command Prompt
iexplore + "web address" = Internet Explorer
compmgmt.msc = Computer Management
dhcpmgmt.msc = DHCP Management
dnsmgmt.msc = DNS Management
services.msc = Services
eventvwr = Event Viewer
dsa.msc = Active Directory Users and Computers
dssite.msc = Active Directory Sites and Services
Windows key + E = Explorer
ALT + Tab = Switch between windows
ALT, Space, X = Maximize window
CTRL + Shift + Esc = Task Manager
Windows key + Break = System properties
Windows key + F = Search
Windows key + D = Hide/Display all windows
CTRL + C = copy
CTRL + X = cut
CTRL + V = paste
Also don't forget about the "Right-click" key next to the right Windows key on your keyboard. Using the arrows and that key can get just about anything done once you've opened up any program.

Keyboard Shortcuts:

[Alt] and [Esc] Switch between running applications

[Alt] and letter Select menu item by underlined letter

[Ctrl] and [Esc] Open Program Menu

[Ctrl] and [F4] Close active document or group windows (does not work with some applications)

[Alt] and [F4] Quit active application or close current window

[Alt] and [-] Open Control menu for active document

Ctrl] Lft., Rt. arrow Move cursor forward or back one word

Ctrl] Up, Down arrow Move cursor forward or back one paragraph

[F1] Open Help for active application

Windows+M Minimize all open windows

Shift+Windows+M Undo minimize all open windows

Windows+F1 Open Windows Help

Windows+Tab Cycle through the Taskbar buttons

Windows+Break Open the System Properties dialog box

Acessability shortcuts:

Right SHIFT for eight seconds........ Switch FilterKeys on and off.

Left ALT +left SHIFT +PRINT SCREEN....... Switch High Contrast on and off.

Left ALT +left SHIFT +NUM LOCK....... Switch MouseKeys on and off.

SHIFT....... five times Switch StickyKeys on and off.

NUM LOCK...... for five seconds Switch ToggleKeys on and off.

Explorer shortcuts:

END....... Display the bottom of the active window.

HOME....... Display the top of the active window.

NUM LOCK+ASTERISK....... on numeric keypad (*) Display all subfolders under the selected folder.

NUM LOCK+PLUS SIGN....... on numeric keypad (+) Display the contents of the selected folder.

NUM LOCK+MINUS SIGN....... on numeric keypad (-) Collapse the selected folder.

LEFT ARROW...... Collapse current selection if it's expanded, or select parent folder.

RIGHT ARROW....... Display current selection if it's collapsed, or select first subfolder.

Type the following commands in your Run Box (Windows Key + R) or Start Run

devmgmt.msc = Device Manager
msinfo32 = System Information
cleanmgr = Disk Cleanup
ntbackup = Backup or Restore Wizard (Windows Backup Utility)
mmc = Microsoft Management Console
excel = Microsoft Excel (If Installed)
msaccess = Microsoft Access (If Installed)
powerpnt = Microsoft PowerPoint (If Installed)
winword = Microsoft Word (If Installed)
frontpg = Microsoft FrontPage (If Installed)
notepad = Notepad
wordpad = WordPad
calc = Calculator
msmsgs = Windows Messenger
mspaint = Microsoft Paint
wmplayer = Windows Media Player
rstrui = System Restore
netscp6 = Netscape 6.x
netscp = Netscape 7.x
netscape = Netscape 4.x
waol = America Online
control = Opens the Control Panel
control printers = Opens the Printers Dialog

Internet Browser:

type in u're adress "google", then press [Right CTRL] and [Enter]
add www. and .com to word and go to it

For Windows XP:

Copy. CTRL+C
Cut. CTRL+X
Paste. CTRL+V
Undo. CTRL+Z
Delete. DELETE
Delete selected item permanently without placing the item in the Recycle Bin. SHIFT+DELETE
Copy selected item. CTRL while dragging an item
Create shortcut to selected item. CTRL+SHIFT while dragging an item
Rename selected item. F2
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next word. CTRL+RIGHT ARROW
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word. CTRL+LEFT ARROW
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next paragraph. CTRL+DOWN ARROW
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous paragraph. CTRL+UP ARROW
Highlight a block of text. CTRL+SHIFT with any of the arrow keys
Select more than one item in a window or on the desktop, or select text within a document. SHIFT with any of the arrow keys
Select all. CTRL+A
Search for a file or folder. F3
View properties for the selected item. ALT+ENTER
Close the active item, or quit the active program. ALT+F4
Opens the shortcut menu for the active window. ALT+SPACEBAR
Close the active document in programs that allow you to have multiple documents open simultaneously. CTRL+F4
Switch between open items. ALT+TAB
Cycle through items in the order they were opened. ALT+ESC
Cycle through screen elements in a window or on the desktop. F6
Display the Address bar list in My Computer or Windows Explorer. F4
Display the shortcut menu for the selected item. SHIFT+F10
Display the System menu for the active window. ALT+SPACEBAR
Display the Start menu. CTRL+ESC
Display the corresponding menu. ALT+Underlined letter in a menu name
Carry out the corresponding command. Underlined letter in a command name on an open menu
Activate the menu bar in the active program. F10
Open the next menu to the right, or open a submenu. RIGHT ARROW
Open the next menu to the left, or close a submenu. LEFT ARROW
Refresh the active window. F5
View the folder one level up in My Computer or Windows Explorer. BACKSPACE
Cancel the current task. ESC
SHIFT when you insert a CD into the CD-ROM drive Prevent the CD from automatically playing.

Use these keyboard shortcuts for dialog boxes:

To Press
Move forward through tabs. CTRL+TAB
Move backward through tabs. CTRL+SHIFT+TAB
Move forward through options. TAB
Move backward through options. SHIFT+TAB
Carry out the corresponding command or select the corresponding option. ALT+Underlined letter
Carry out the command for the active option or button. ENTER
Select or clear the check box if the active option is a check box. SPACEBAR
Select a button if the active option is a group of option buttons. Arrow keys
Display Help. F1
Display the items in the active list. F4
Open a folder one level up if a folder is selected in the Save As or Open dialog box. BACKSPACE
If you have a Microsoft Natural Keyboard, or any other compatible keyboard that includes the Windows logo key and the Application key , you can use these keyboard shortcuts:
Display or hide the Start menu. WIN Key
Display the System Properties dialog box. WIN Key+BREAK
Show the desktop. WIN Key+D
Minimize all windows. WIN Key+M
Restores minimized windows. WIN Key+Shift+M
Open My Computer. WIN Key+E
Search for a file or folder. WIN Key+F
Search for computers. CTRL+WIN Key+F
Display Windows Help. WIN Key+F1
Lock your computer if you are connected to a network domain, or switch users if you are not connected to a network domain. WIN Key+ L
Open the Run dialog box. WIN Key+R
Open Utility Manager. WIN Key+U

Accessibility keyboard shortcuts:

Switch FilterKeys on and off. Right SHIFT for eight seconds
Switch High Contrast on and off. Left ALT+left SHIFT+PRINT SCREEN
Switch MouseKeys on and off. Left ALT +left SHIFT +NUM LOCK
Switch StickyKeys on and off. SHIFT five times
Switch ToggleKeys on and off. NUM LOCK for five seconds
Open Utility Manager. WIN Key+U

Shortcuts you can use with Windows Explorer:

Display the bottom of the active window. END
Display the top of the active window. HOME
Display all subfolders under the selected folder. NUM LOCK+ASTERISK on numeric keypad (*)
Display the contents of the selected folder. NUM LOCK+PLUS SIGN on numeric keypad (+)
Collapse the selected folder. NUM LOCK+MINUS SIGN on numeric keypad (-)
Collapse current selection if it's expanded, or select parent folder. LEFT ARROW
Display current selection if it's collapsed, or select first subfolder. RIGHT ARROW

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How to block Web Sites without any Softwares

Now i'm going to tell you that how to block any web site without any software.
so follow these small steps.
hope this small trick helpful for you
Steps

1] Browse C:\WINDOWS\system32\drivers\etc
2] Find the file named "HOSTS"
3] Open it in notepad
4] Under "127.0.0.1 localhost" Add 127.0.0.2 sitenameyouwantblocked.com , and that site will no longer be accessable.
5] Done!

-So-

127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.0.2 www.blockedsite.com

- www.blockedsite.com is now unaccessable


For every site after that you want to add, just add "1" to the last number in the internal ip (127.0.0.2) and then the addy like before.

i.e :
127.0.0.3 site1
127.0.0.4 site2
127.0.0.5 site3
This also works with banner sites, just find the host name of the server with the banners and do the same thing with that ads.

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How to find drivers for Unknown Devices

Usually, when you buy any hardware the drivers come along with it on a disc. If you lose the driver disc you can always download the necessary drivers from the manufacturer's website. But what do you do when you are not sure of the manufacturer of the hardware? This is quite a possible situation and blogger Vinod Chandramouli provides an excellent trick to deal with it.

Every device has a Vendor and Device id associated with it. If you can find this ID, you can find the manufacturer. In Windows it's easy to find the vendor and device id.

Open Device Manager (Control Panel>System>Hardware>Device Manager)
The hardware whose drivers are missing will appear as Unknown device, so it's easier to locate the device.
Right click on the unknown device and click on Properties.
Under the Properties window click on Details tab and select Device Instance Id from the drop down box.
You should see a code similar to this 

PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_27DC&SUBSYS_30868086
&REV_01\4&1E46F438&0&40F0

The portion of the code highlighted in red is the Vendor ID and the portion highlighted green is the Device ID. In this example: 

Vendor ID = 8086 
Device ID = 27DC 

Once you have obtained both the IDs, proceed to PCI Database.There you can either search for the vendor from the vendor ID or directly get information about the device along with the vendor name by searching with the device ID.
Great isn't it? Now you will never have to go hunting for correct drivers.

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